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<title>Samuel Chapin</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Samuel Chapin</span></span>

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<p><b>Samuel Chapin</b> (baptized October 8, 1598 – November 11, 1675) was a prominent early settler of <a href="Springfield%2C_Massachusetts" title="Springfield, Massachusetts">Springfield</a>, <a href="Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He served the town as <a href="Board_of_Selectmen" class="mw-redirect" title="Board of Selectmen">selectman</a>, <a href="Magistrate" title="Magistrate">magistrate</a> and <a href="Congregationalist_polity" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregationalist polity">deacon</a> (in the <a href="Massachusetts_Bay_Colony" title="Massachusetts Bay Colony">Massachusetts Bay Colony</a> there was little separation between the church and government). Chapin is best known today as the subject of the <a href="Augustus_Saint-Gaudens" title="Augustus Saint-Gaudens">Augustus Saint-Gaudens</a> sculpture entitled <i>Deacon Samuel Chapin</i> (also known as <i><a href="The_Puritan_(Springfield)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Puritan (Springfield)">The Puritan</a></i>).

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<p>Chapin was born in <a href="Paignton" title="Paignton">Paignton</a> (near <a href="Torquay" title="Torquay">Torquay</a>), <a href="Devon" title="Devon">Devon</a>, <a href="England" title="England">England</a>, to John Chapin and Phillipe Easton. His baptism is recorded as October 8, 1598.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>On February 9, 1623/4,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Samuel married Cicely Penny. They had seven children: David, Catherine, Sarah, Josiah, Henry, Japhet and Hannah. The oldest five children were born in England and the last two in Massachusetts, Japhet in Roxbury and Hannah in Springfield.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>He immigrated to America either with or shortly after <a href="William_Pynchon" title="William Pynchon">William Pynchon</a>, between 1630 and 1635, and became a full member of <a href="John_Eliot_(missionary)" title="John Eliot (missionary)">John Eliot</a>'s congregation at <a href="Roxbury%2C_Boston" title="Roxbury, Boston">Roxbury</a> (later incorporated into the city of <a href="Boston%2C_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston, Massachusetts">Boston</a>). The Chapins lived in Roxbury till the close of the year 1642, as on 15 of October of that year Japhet was baptized there. Soon after this, however, they must have moved to Springfield, for we find them there in January 1642/3.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>On 26 September 1644, Samuel Chapin was chosen for a committee of five to order the prudential affairs of the town. This prudential committee was in reality the first <a href="Board_of_Selectmen" class="mw-redirect" title="Board of Selectmen">board of Selectmen</a> in Springfield. The Selectmen, or Townsmen as they were sometimes called, were generally five in number. They were elected by a vote of all the <a href="Freeman_(Colonial)" class="mw-redirect" title="Freeman (Colonial)">freemen</a> of the town at the <a href="Town_meeting#Open_town_meeting" title="Town meeting">town meeting</a>, and were to serve for one year. They settled disputes, heard complaints, admitted inhabitants, regulated highways, bridges, fences, finances, etc., and had a general supervision over all the affairs of the town.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Samuel Chapin held the office of Selectman continuously from 26 September 1644, to 22 November 1652, when having taken the oath of a Commissioner, he could no longer serve as Selectman.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>After the <a href="Massachusetts_General_Court" title="Massachusetts General Court">Massachusetts General Court</a>'s displeasure with <a href="William_Pynchon#Books" title="William Pynchon">William Pynchon's heresy</a>, Pynchon had to resign as the magistrate of Springfield in 1651. The office was taken up by his son-in-law, Henry Smith but in the summer of 1652 Pynchon and Smith left for <a href="England" title="England">England</a>. In October 1652,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chapin, Pynchon's son John and another Pynchon son-in-law, <a href="Elizur_Holyoke" title="Elizur Holyoke">Elizur Holyoke</a>, were appointed town Commissioners (essentially a board of magistrates). They had full power and authority to govern the inhabitants of Springfield; to hear and determine all cases and offenses, both civil and criminal, and to inflict all punishments not reaching life, limb, or banishment; to give oaths to constables; and to examine witnesses on oath.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He apparently held office as a commissioner until 1660/1.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chapin then alternated between being a selectman (1660 and 1663) and a commissioner (1662, 1664 and 1665).<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Chapin was actively interested in the church and appears to have been a deacon as early as 1650.

</p><p>Chapin died in Springfield in November 1675 shortly after the town was devastated in <a href="King_Philip's_War" title="King Philip's War">King Philip's War</a>. In October 1675 Chief <a href="Metacomet" title="Metacomet">Metacomet</a> (known as "King Philip") visited the Agawam Indians (of the <a href="Pocomtuc" title="Pocomtuc">Pocomtuc</a> tribe) residing within the town and incited them to mount an <a href="Attack_on_Springfield" class="mw-redirect" title="Attack on Springfield">attack on Springfield</a>. Despite the inhabitants being warned of the attack many of the houses and barns were burned to the ground, as were its saw and <a href="Grist_mill" class="mw-redirect" title="Grist mill">grist mills</a>. Cicely survived him by just over seven years, dying in February 1682.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All their children grew to adulthood, married, and produced a total of 72 grandchildren, most of whom grew up and married.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Commemoration">Commemoration</h2></div>

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="The_Puritan_(Springfield%2C_Massachusetts)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Puritan (Springfield, Massachusetts)">The Puritan (Springfield, Massachusetts)</a></div>

<p>In 1881, <a href="Chester_W._Chapin" title="Chester W. Chapin">Chester W. Chapin</a>, a railroad tycoon, congressman and Chapin descendant, commissioned master sculptor <a href="Augustus_St._Gaudens" class="mw-redirect" title="Augustus St. Gaudens">Augustus St. Gaudens</a> to produce a work memorializing his ancestor.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sculpture, most commonly known as <i>The Puritan</i>, is currently sited in Springfield's <a href="Merrick_Park_(Springfield%2C_Massachusetts)" class="mw-redirect" title="Merrick Park (Springfield, Massachusetts)">Merrick Park</a>. It emphasizes the piety, and perhaps moral rigidity, of the country's religious founders—evident in the sculpted Chapin's proud pose, certain stride, flowing cape and hefty Bible, as well as his assertive use of a walking cane. Smaller variants of the same work can be found in several museums.

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<div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="The_Puritan_(Springfield)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Puritan (Springfield)">The Puritan</a></i>, completed by <a href="Augustus_Saint-Gaudens" title="Augustus Saint-Gaudens">Augustus Saint-Gaudens</a> in Springfield, Massachusetts in 1887. Photographed in 1905.</div>

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<div class="gallerytext"><i>Deacon Samuel Chapin</i>, a small version of the statue in the <a href="Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a> collection.</div>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Descendants">Descendants</h2></div>

<p>Samuel Chapin had many famous direct descendants, including United States Presidents <a href="Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">William Howard Taft</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Canadian Prime Minister <a href="Richard_Bedford_Bennett" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Bedford Bennett">Richard Bedford Bennett</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> abolitionist and author <a href="Harriet_Beecher_Stowe" title="Harriet Beecher Stowe">Harriet Beecher Stowe</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> abolitionists <a href="Henry_Ward_Beecher" title="Henry Ward Beecher">Henry Ward Beecher</a><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="John_Brown_(abolitionist)" title="John Brown (abolitionist)">John Brown</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> financier <a href="J.P._Morgan" class="mw-redirect" title="J.P. Morgan">J.P. Morgan</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> poet and playwright <a href="T.S._Eliot" class="mw-redirect" title="T.S. Eliot">T.S. Eliot</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> auto industry pioneer <a href="Roy_D._Chapin" title="Roy D. Chapin">Roy D. Chapin</a> and auto executive <a href="Roy_D._Chapin_Jr." title="Roy D. Chapin Jr.">Roy D. Chapin Jr.</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> American painter <a href="James_Ormsbee_Chapin" title="James Ormsbee Chapin">James Ormsbee Chapin</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and James Ormsbee's son, jazz drummer <a href="Jim_Chapin" title="Jim Chapin">Jim Chapin</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and his sons, singers <a href="Harry_Chapin" title="Harry Chapin">Harry Chapin</a>, <a href="Tom_Chapin" title="Tom Chapin">Tom Chapin</a> and <a href="Steve_Chapin" title="Steve Chapin">Steve Chapin</a>; singer <a href="Mary_Chapin_Carpenter" title="Mary Chapin Carpenter">Mary Chapin Carpenter</a>; banker <a href="Timothy_J._Sloan" title="Timothy J. Sloan">Timothy J. Sloan</a> ; <a href="Dwight_L._Chapin" class="mw-redirect" title="Dwight L. Chapin">Dwight L. Chapin</a>; engineer <a href="C._Chapin_Cutler" title="C. Chapin Cutler">C. Chapin Cutler</a> and world champion sailor <a href="Dave_Chapin" title="Dave Chapin">Dave Chapin</a>; Aaron Chapin. And many non-famous descendants as well.

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<ul><li><a href="Springfield%2C_Massachusetts#History" title="Springfield, Massachusetts">History of Springfield, Massachusetts</a></li>

<li>Other early settlers of Springfield:

<ul><li><a href="William_Pynchon" title="William Pynchon">William Pynchon</a></li>

<li><a href="Elizur_Holyoke" title="Elizur Holyoke">Elizur Holyoke</a></li>

<li><a href="Miles_Morgan" title="Miles Morgan">Miles Morgan</a></li></ul></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div>

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</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chapin, Gilbert Warren, Vol. I, p. x-xi.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Julian vs. Gregorian calendar. See <a href="Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates" title="Old Style and New Style dates">Old Style and New Style dates</a>.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chapin, Gilbert Warren, Vol. I, p. xi.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chapin, Howard Millar, p. 14</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chapin, Howard Millar, p. 18</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chapin, Howard Millar, p. 18, 22</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Orange Chapin gives the date as the 10th (p. 2) but Howard Millar Chapin gives a date of the 19th (p. 22) so the date is not 100% certain.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chapin, Howard Millar, p. 22</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chapin, Howard Millar, p. 23</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chapin, Howard Millar, pp. 30–33</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gilbert Warren Chapin and Howard Millar Chapin both give the date of death recorded as 8 Feb 1682, but because the <a href="Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a> was still in use, she died in what would in current terms be dated 1683. Some accounts will note her death as 1682/3 for this reason. See <a href="Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates" title="Old Style and New Style dates">Old Style and New Style dates</a> for full explanation.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chapin, Gilbert Warren, Vol. I.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dryfhout, p. 162.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chapin, Gilbert Warren, Vol. II, p. 1895.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chapin, Gilbert Warren, Vol. II, p. 2178.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bennett's Maternal Grandmother, Mary Hoar, has her parents (Abigail Hitchcock and David Hoar) documented in Chapin, Gilbert Warren, Vol. I, p. 114.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chapin, Gilbert Warren, Vol. I, p. 1071.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chapin, Gilbert Warren, Vol. I, p. 1071.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chapin, Gilbert Warren, Vol. II, p. 1654–5.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chapin, Gilbert Warren, Vol. II, p. 1355.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gordon, p. 9</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chapin, Gilbert Warren, Vol. II, p. 2004.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Listed in Chapin, Gilbert Warren, Vol. II, p. 1445, as "James Orinsbee Chapin" (there was likely a transcription error somewhere, with the "m" and "in" getting confused, but the birth date, place and parents are all otherwise verified).</span>

</li>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="C._Chapin_Cutler" title="C. Chapin Cutler">C. Chapin Cutler</a></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

<ul><li>Burt, Henry M. <i>The First Century of the History of Springfield: the Official Records from 1636 to 1736, with an Historical Review and a Biographical Mention of the Founders, Volume I</i> Henry M. Burt, 1898. Springfield MA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pzF5AAAAMAAJ">full text online</a></li>

<li>Chapin, Gilbert Warren. <i>The Chapin Book of Genealogical Data with Brief Biographical Sketches of the Descendants of Deacon Samuel Chapin; Vol. I: First Seven Generations and Vol. II: Eighth to Twelfth Generation</i>. Chapin Family Association, 1924. Hartford, CT.</li>

<li>Chapin, Howard Millar. <i>Life of Deacon Samuel Chapin of Springfield</i> 1908. Providence RI. see <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lifeofdeaconsamu01chap">full text online(PDF)</a> or see <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lifeofdeaconsamu01chap">other electronic versions available at The Internet Archive (archive.org)</a></li>

<li>Chapin, Orange. <i>The Chapin Genealogy: Containing a Very Large Proportion of the Descendants of Dea. Samuel Chapin, who Settled in Springfield, Mass. in 1642</i>. Metcalf & Company, 1862. Northampton MA. See <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/chapingenealogyc1862chap">full text online(PDF)</a> or see <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/chapingenealogyc1862chap">other electronic versions available at The Internet Archive (archive.org)</a></li>

<li>Coan, Peter M. <i>Taxi: The Harry Chapin Story</i>. Ashley Books, 1987.</li>

<li>Dryfhout, John H. <i>The Work of Augustus Saint-Gaudens</i>. University Press of New England, 1982. Lebanon, NH.</li>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFGordon2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="Lyndall_Gordon" title="Lyndall Gordon">Gordon, Lyndall</a> (2000). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/tseliotimperfect00gord"><i>T.S. Eliot: An Imperfect Life</i></a></span> (paperback) (1st American ed.). New York: W. W. Norton & Company. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>0-393-04728-8</bdi>.</cite></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061004082614/http://cityofspringfieldmass.com/">City of Springfield, Massachusetts</a> Official city website.</li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080208102552/http://kinnexions.com/album/chapin/">Deacon Samuel Chapin</a> at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived 8 February 2008) Images of the sculpture and memorial plaque. Part of Stephen M. Lawson's genealogy site.</li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/39.65.53">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a> Discussion of the sculpture's history.</li></ul>

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